3rd International Conference on Food Chemistry & Nutrition May 16-18, 2018 Montreal, Canada

Biography:

Ozlem Tokusoglu has completed her PhD at Ege University, Department of Food Engineering in 2001. She is currently working as an Associate Professor at Celal Bayar University, Department of Food Engineering. She was Visiting Scholar in Food Science and Nutrition Department at University of Florida, USA during 1999-2000 and as Visiting Professor at the School of Food Science, Washington State University, Washington, USA during April-May 2010. She has published many papers in peer reviewed journals and serving as an Editorial Board Member of selected journals. She has published two international book entitled Fruit and Cereal Bioactives: Chemistry, Sources and Applications; Improved Food Quality with Novel Food Processing and; Food By-Product Based Functional Food Powders. She also published two national books entitled Cacao and Chocolate Science and Technology and Special Fruit Olive: Chemistry, Quality and Technology. She has organized and/or administered as Conference Chair at many conferences and congress in various parts of USA, Europe and Asia-Pacific.

Abstract:

Recently, the utilization of the potential bioactive phenolics has been the focus of attention owing to their consumption imparts health benefits including various cancer types, reduced risk of coronary heart diseases. Dietary supplements, food tablets, capsules and fortificated foods based on food by product may be alternative for healthy public nutrition. Citrus is the largest fruit crop worldwide, with an annual production of approximately 100 million tons. The main world producers are Brazil, USA and mainly Turkey in Mediterranean countries. The citrus fruit mandarin (Citrus reticulata) residues, which are generally discarded as waste in the environment, can act as potential nutraceutical resources. Processing of mandarin by-products potentially represents a rich source of phenolic compounds, mineral, vitamin C and dietary fibre, due to the large amount of peel produced. Owing to their low cost and easy availability wastes are capable of offering significant low-cost nutritional dietary supplements. The utilization of bioactive rich citrus residues can provide an efficient, inexpensive, and environment friendly and healthy substances for novel nutraceutical manufacturing as mandarin peel tablet. In this patented research, we aimed to obtain potential healthy components from Seferihisar mandarin peel and Seferihisar mandarin peel based food tablet and also we identified in detail as quantitatively by HPLC-DAD and LC-ESI QTOFF-Mass Spectrometry. In mandarin peel tablet, subsequent to fundamental chemical analysis (moisture, protein, ash, fat as 3.44%;5.09%; 29.65%; 0.40%, respectively whereas dried mandarin peel powder includes moisture, protein, ash, fat as 5.24%;4.55%; 3.41%; 0.00% ,respectively. In our mandarin peel tablet; sucrose, invert sugar and total sugar was found as 10.97%; 8.30%,; 11.54%,respectively whereas dried peel powder contained 17.71%; 10.02; 18.64% of level for mentioned sugars. Total fiber, acidity (as citric acid equivalent), pH of mandarin peel tablet was found as 3.03%, 2.74%, 5.96, respectively whereas in dried peel powder, 9.24%, 1.06% and 5.52, respectively (p<0.05). It was found that calcium (Ca), potasium (K), magnesium (Mg), aluminium (Al), phophorous (P) (mg/kg) of efervescent tablet was 4616.0; 2988.4; 417.2; 4.0; 367 mg/kg,respectively whereas 21916.9; 10204.0; 3459.6; 9.7; 572 mg/kg level was determined in dried mandarin peel powder, respectively. Potasium and magnesium were major minerals in innovative tablet (p<0.05). Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) was determined as 89.3 mg/100 g in mandarin peel efervescent tablet while 216.4 mg/100 g in dried peel powder. The avg.141.22 mg gallic acid equivalent phenolics [mg gallic asid equivalent (GAE) phenolic /100g] in mandarin peel effervescent tablet whereas avg.128.15 mg GAE /100 g in dried peel powder of Seferihisar mandarin (p<0.05). DPPH antioxidant activity (%) was found as 27.10% in innovative efervescent tablet and it was found 26.56% was in dried mandarin peel powder (p<0.05). Majorly L-ascorbic acid, citric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, galactaric acid, glucaric acid (Saccharic acid), glucaric acid lactone, p-salicylic acid as organic acids; (+)-naringenin, hesperedin, naringenin-7-O-glucoside, nobiletin, tangeretin, eupatorin (3’,5 dihydroxy-4’,6,7-trimethoxyflavone), gallic acid, p-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, quinic acid, rutin, diosmin flavone, casticin (methyoxylated flavonol) were determined as phenolics; also sucrose, trehalose sugars and DL-phenylalanine, D-Tryptophan aminoacids were found by LC ESI-QTOFF-Mass Spectrometry as qualitative and quantitavely. Major antioxidant phenolic was naringenin in mandarin efervescent tablet (p<0.05). Scientific evidence shows that manufactured mandarin peel tablet can be used as dietary supplement and is beneficial for overall health and for managing some health conditions. By utilizing of Seferihisar mandarin peel, mandarin peel tablet was produced at DEPARK Technopark Spil Innova LLC as industrial health innovative. We revealed the chemical characterization, functional properties, its unique bioactive features and its comprehensive antioxidative, anticarcinogenic reports of new manufactured mandarin peel effervecent tablet.

Biography:

Carol Majkrzak has recently graduated from Montclair State University with her Master’s Degree in Nutrition and Food Science. She also completed her undergraduate program at Montclair State University in Nutrition with a concentration in Dietetics. Carol’s research has focused on antioxidant capacity measurement, specifically looking at foods and wines in the Spanish Mediterranean Diet.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Recent research has shown that antioxidants may be vital to human health. Both foods and wines can be high in polyphenols, which inhibit oxidation in the body. However, no studies have looked at the possible interactions when foods and wines high in antioxidants are consumed together. Studies have shown that antioxidants can interact, but these interactions are not yet well understood. There is a specific interest in the possible interaction effects among components of the Mediterranean diet, as prior health studies have shown this diet to be associated with lower-than-expected mortality rates. The typical Mediterranean diet includes consumption of wine, but no studies have examined how these wines interact with the health properties of other components of the diet.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: Three foods (raw tomatoes, Spanish onion, and persimmons) and three wines (Tempranillo, Monastrell, and Grenache) common to the Spanish diet were assessed by Trolox Equivalency Antioxidant Capacity, both individually and in pairing combinations. Each food was paired with each wine and evaluated in triplicate. Interaction effects were assessed by one-way ANOVA (α=0.05).

Findings: Tomatoes showed negative interaction effects with all three wines. Spanish onions and persimmons showed a positive interaction effect with all three wines. The greatest interaction effect was observed between Persimmons and Tempranillo, which demonstrated antioxidant potential ~200% the value predicted for no interaction.

Conclusion & Significance: Consuming persimmons and Spanish onions with wine may increase the antioxidant potential, allowing for greater oxidation inhibition in vivo. Consuming raw tomatoes with wine may decrease the antioxidant potential. Further studies examining the interaction effects between antioxidant-rich foods and wines may be warranted.

Biography:

Harmanjot Kaur is passionate about Environmental protection and improvement. She is interested in working on interactive study of food, environment and toxicology. She is currently enrolled as Graduate student in Bioresource Engineering at McGill University, Quebec, Canada. She has undergraduate her degree in Agricultural Engineering from India.

Abstract:

Wastewater is increasingly becoming an alternate source of irrigation in parts of the world with declining freshwater sources. However, wastewater irrigation can also lead to accumulation of various inorganic (heavy metals) and organic (hormones and pharmaceuticals) pollutants in soil. Plants might uptake these pollutants and make their way into human body through food consumption, causing adverse health effects. This study is a part of a wastewater use project. The aim of this paper was to study the impact of heavy metal pollutants, taken up by potato tubers, on potato polyphenols and in-vitro digestion of potato meals in a simulated batch culture fermentation reactor. The antioxidant capacity of boiled, freeze-dried potato tubers was measured using ABTS, DPPH and Folin-Ciocalteu antioxidant assays. The average daily intake meals of potatoes were exposed to in-vitro enzyme digestion, followed by batch culture fermentation with inoculated fecal microbes. The samples were taken from the reactors after 0, 6, 12 and 24 hours of fermentation of the samples by the microbes. The samples were then analyzed for increase in short chain fatty acids (SCFA), antioxidant capacity and Lactobacillus spp. cfu under the combined toxic and protective effects of heavy metals and potato polyphenols, respectively. The bioaccessibility of heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Pb, Fe, Zn and Cu) was also measured using an ICP-MS. This study will provide an insight into the toxic effects of pollutants in food.

Biography:

Adebanji Olasupo Oluwole was born in Lagos, Nigeria on 16 June 1974. He obtained a BSc (HONS) degree in Chemistry at the University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria and graduated with a First Class distinction in Food Science for his MSc degree at Stellenbosch University, Western Cape, South Africa. This led to a Golden Key Award because he was rated among the top best 5% students in his class. He is presently rounding off his PhD program at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, South Africa. He has a passion for research on the quality and packaging of food products such as fish.

Abstract:

African catfish slime is an extremely dilute, elastic and integrated hydrogel that disperses evenly in milli-Q water. The slime consists of mucosal glycoproteins and elongated filaments that traps water used to defend African catfish from attacks. Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR)-Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy a non-destructive analytical technique was used to confirm the wavelength peaks of glycoprotein functional groups. Deformation studies on African catfish slime showed it to be a non-linear viscoelastic material that displayed, shear thinning and pseudo-plastic behavior. Aliquots of the African catfish slime were dissolved in commercial soya milk (10% and 50% w/v) to combine functions of a dispersion and emulsion with those of the hydrogel. The aliquots of the African catfish slime had strong interactions with soya milk and displayed higher stability and viscoelasticity. The higher storage modulus of African catfish slime and African catfish slime-commercial soya milk suggested greater degree of cross-linking and explained the higher stability. African catfish mucin led to bridging and allowed flocculation to occur in the emulsion thereby forming an integrated emulsion and particle gel Slime –Soya at low temperatures. The combination of African catfish slime and commercial soya milk (Slime-Soya) had tofu like consistency and the method could be potentially used to produce innovative food emulsions with tofu-like integrated structures.

Biography:

Dan-In Lee got her M.S degree at Pusan national university, school of medicine and she is pursuing her Ph.D course at Pusan national university, school of medicine, South Korea. Her major field of study is Immunology and Parasitology. Her experience includes various programs, contributions and participation in different countries for diverse fields of study.

Abstract:

In a previous study, our research group demonstrated that sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) extracts ameliorated allergic airway inflammation via CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T (regulatory T) cell activation and recruitment to the lung. Here, we aimed to determine which components of sea cucumber contribute to the amelioration of airway inflammation. We used n-hexane fractionation to separate sea cucumber into three phases (n-hexane, alcohol, and solid) and evaluated the ability of each phase to elevate Il10 expression in splenocytes and ameliorate symptoms in mice with ovalbumin/alum-induced asthma. Splenocytes treated with the n-hexane phase showed a significant increase in Il10 expression. In the n-hexane phase, 47 fatty acids were identified. Individual fatty acids that comprised at least 5% of the total fatty acids were 16:0, 16:1n-7, 18:0, 18:1n-7, 20:4n-6, and 20:5n-3 (eicosapentaenoic acid). After administering the n-hexane phase to mice with ovalbumin/alum-induced asthma, their asthma symptoms were ameliorated. Several immunomodulatory effects were observed in the n-hexane phase pretreated group, compared with a vehicle control group. First, eosinophil infiltration and goblet cell hyperplasia were significantly reduced around the airways. Second, the concentrations of Th2-related cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) and Th17-related cytokines (IL-17) were significantly decreased in the spleen and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Finally, the concentrations of TGF-β and IL-10, which are associated with regulatory T cells, were significantly increased in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and splenocyte culture medium. In conclusion, a fatty acid-rich fraction (n-hexane phase) of sea cucumber extract ameliorated allergic airway inflammation in a mouse model.

Biography:

Ajayi O B is a Master Student (Msc) from Federal University of Agriculture in Nigeria. She is also working as a research scientist in Forestry research institute of
Nigeria.

Abstract:

The study assessed the expenditure pattern of food away from home (FAFH) among household in Ogbomoso Metropolis. Eighty respondents were selected for the study (using purposive sampling technique and information was collected from the sampled respondents with the aid of structured questionnaire using descriptive statistics, statistic difference between two mean and multiple regression analyses. Socio economic characteristics of respondents which includes education level, sex, age, marital status, religion, occupation and annual income. The result of the study showed that 57.61% of the respondents spent average amount of Ń10,616.35 on food away from home while the remaining 42.39% of the respondents spent Ñ7,810.63 on food prepared at home. Regression analysis revealed that the age of the household (x2), household size(x5) and amount spent on food prepared at home (x7) significantly determined the amount spent on food away from home. The coefficient of determination of R2 is 0.574, which implies that about 57% of the variability in the amount spent away from home is explained by regressor. The t-statistic revealed that there is a significant difference between the amount spent on food away from home and food prepared at home. The respondent also identified stress in the food preparation (31.25%), job callers (16.25%), time constraint (26.25%) as some of the reasons for eating outside their house. The study revealed that, majority of people eats outside their home more than the rate at which they eat at home. The reason is because most women that are supposed to be home preparing food in the households are engaged in one work or the other. Also, time constraint was identified as one of the reason why many eat outside their home. Job calling have also led to increase in expenditure on FAFH. There are some other factors identified which include stress and persistent pleasant aroma leading to increase in expenditure on food away from home.

Biography:

Addisu Mengestie is a student at the Wollega University, Ethiopia. His experience includes various programs, contributions and participation in different countries for diverse fields of study.

Abstract:

The study covers a review on the assessment of nutritional status and major determinants of malnutrition children less than five years of age in Tongo refugee camp. A cross-sectional quantitative study in which the results were triangulate with key informant interview and focus group discussions results was applied to accomplish the stated objectives of the study. A systematic random sampling method to select the sampling units was used to obtain the required number of subjects. Two hundred and forty children were randomly selected from the camps that were getting food and other material support from the camp. Regarding to food supply of the refugees in the refugee camp, the majority of the households depend on the ration distributed to them monthly based on the number of the members of the households. The ration distributed to the refugees has deficiency both in quantity and quality. As to the food supply indicators used in the survey, 25% of the children show malnutrition problem, and children were diseased in malnutrition and related disorders. As to the result of this study, of all the sample children in the refugee camp, prevalence of sever and moderate acute malnutrition were 7.5% and 18.5%. This shows that the situation is critical in the camp. Mothers or caretakers reported that 32.5% of children 6-59 months of age had been sick in the previous two weeks preceding the survey. Diarrhea disease was the most frequently reported illness, followed by fever, acute respiratory infection, and malaria. The result of the crude mortality rate during this period was 1.25%. The under-five mortality rate was also 0.77. The result of the bivariate analysis shows that there were seven variables found to have statistically significant relationship with malnutrition in the refugee camp. Using the logisticregression of multivariate analysisvariables of disease (i.e. diarrhea and fever), age of the children and place of previous residence of the households were found with statistically significant effect on malnutrition compare to the other variables. This shows that food insecurity and diseases have high impact on malnutrition of the children. The effect of previous and present livelihood differences of the refugee households based on the households’ previous place of residence was also affect to the resilience and adaptation capability of the refugees for the different problems in the camp. Recommendations target the improvement of the food allocation in the camp both in its variety and amount, the improvement and expansion of the therapeutic and supplementary feeding programs and treating malnutrition related diseases have to emphasize in the camp. Furthermore, water sanitation and hygiene programs have to expand to improve the ease of access and utilization of these services by the refugees.